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Water column

Sens commun

Volume of water between the bottom and the surface of a sea, ocean, river or lake.

Source

according to AFB

Sens technique

Concept used in ecology for aquatic and marine environments to describe the physical (temperature, salinity, penetration of light) and chemical characteristics (pH, dissolved oxygen content, nutrients, trace metals...) of seawater, at different depths, for a given geographical point. The water column extends from the water surface to the bottom of rivers,

Source

according to IFREMER

Alevin

Sens commun

Young fish living on its yolk reserves or having not yet acquired its adult form.

Source

according to Larousse dictionary

Hatching/Hatchery

Sens commun

Repopulation of fresh water by introducing fry, practiced by people for fishing or fish farming.

Source

according to the Larousse dictionary

Algae

Sens commun

Unicellular or pluricellular photosynthetic organism usually living in an aquatic environment.

Source

according to Wikipedia

Ammonification

Sens technique

Production of ammonia from organic nitrogen by bacteria or decomposer fungi.

Source

according to Wikipedia

Amphibian

Sens commun

Vertebrate animal that has the characteristic of starting its life in the water. At birth, an amphibian breathes through its gills, like a fish. As an adult he now has lungs through which he can breathe freely, but he continues to absorb most of the oxygen he needs through the skin.

Source

according to Aquitaine Wildlife Observatory (AWO)

Cetacean

Sens commun

Aquatic mammal with front flippers and a horizontal caudal fin – the tail -. For example, whales, sperm whales and dolphins are cetaceans

Source

according to the Robert dictionary

Berne Convention

Sens technique

Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats signed in 1979 and entered into force in 1982. For the Member States of the European Union, the so-called Birds and Habitats Directives are the framework in which the provisions of the Berne Convention apply. The habitat requirements are met by the designation of protected areas, known as Natura 2000.

Source

according to the Ministry of the Environment

Crustacean

Sens commun

Arthropods with a body made up of segments linked to each other by a joint membrane and wearing a pair of jointed appendix. They can be distinguished from other arthropods by the presence of two pairs of antennae. They live in freshwater, marine waters or in terrestrial environments. They can be mobile or fixed to a support.

Source

According to Ifremer

Biological cycle

Sens commun

Regularly repetitive succession of the same series of events in the existence of a living being, a breeding line or the whole of the living world.

Source

according to the Larousse dictionary

Carbon cycle

Sens commun

Movement of carbon, in its various forms, between the natural reservoirs of the planet.

Source

according to AFB

Sens technique

Circulation and storage of carbon, in its various forms, between the Earth surface and interior, the atmosphere and biosphere. The main mechanisms of carbon exchange are photosynthesis, respiration and oxidation. A transfer takes place between living organisms, the atmosphere, the earth and water.

Source

according to FAO and IOWater

Phosphorus cycle

Sens commun

All exchanges and transformations of phosphorus in the different components of the environment. Unlike many other biogeochemical cycles, the phosphorus cycle has no impact on the atmosphere.

Source

According to Wikipedia and Lenntech

Sulphur cycle

Sens commun

All exchanges and transformations of sulphur in the different components of the environment.

Source

According to Wikipedia

Protected species

Sens commun

Plant or animal species benefiting from a legal protection status for reasons of scientific interest or the need to preserve the biological heritage.

Source

according to AFB and IUCN

Flora

Sens commun

Plant species growing in a given geographical area or environment.

Source

according to ADEME

Aquatic flora

Sens commun

Plant species growing in aquatic environments.

Source

according to ADEME

Macrophyte biological index for rivers

Sens technique

Index assessing the biological status of rivers based on macrophytes. Applicable to the inland parts of rivers, it essentially reflects the degree of tropism (feeding process of plant organs and tissues) related to ammonium and orthophosphate contents, as well as the most obvious organic pollution.

Source

according to the Regional Directorate for the Environment, Planning and Housing (DREAL) of the Loire reg

Lichen

Sens commun

Organism generated by symbiotic association between a mushroom (which brings water and mineral salts) and algae (which creates, by photosynthesis, different organic compounds that it yields in part to the mushroom). Lichens are able to withstand extreme weather conditions and are able to accumulate mineral compounds well beyond their own needs. As a result, they are often used as pollution indicators.

Source

according to IFREMER

Macroplankton

Sens commun

Large plankton visible to the naked eye. Jellyfish and ctenophora are part of the macroplankton.

Source

according to Wikipedia

Organic matter

Sens commun

Matter generated by living beings (plants, animals, mushrooms and other decomposers including micro-organisms).

Source

according to Wikipedia

Microplankton

Sens commun

Plankton of very small size, invisible to the naked eye.

Source

according to IFREMER

Molluscs

Sens commun

Aquatic or terrestrial, non-segmented animal whose bilateral symmetry is sometimes altered. The body of a mollusc usually consists of a head, a visceral mass and a foot. The visceral mass is covered in whole or in part by a mantle, which secretes a calcareous shell.

Source

according to Wikipedia

Nutrient

Sens commun

All inorganic compounds and ions necessary for the nutrition of living organisms.

Source

according to Wikipedia

Electric fishing

Sens commun

Method used to evaluate the abundance of fish species in a portion of a stream and to precise the different populations. It consists in the creation of an electric current which attracts fish. Then, paralyzed by electricity, they rise to the surface, which helps their identification and counts. After a little while, fish are free to circulate in the stream again.

Source

According to Wikipedia et Val-de-Meurthe municipality communities

Photosynthesis

Sens commun

The ability of plants to consume carbon dioxide from the air, to assimilate carbon compounds and to release oxygen.

Source

according to IFREMER