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Cetacean

Sens commun

Aquatic mammal with front flippers and a horizontal caudal fin – the tail -. For example, whales, sperm whales and dolphins are cetaceans

Source

according to the Robert dictionary

Seawater

Sens commun

Water from oceans and seas, characterised by having higher salinity and density than freshwater.

Source

according to the Adour-Garonne Water Agency

Oceanography

Sens commun

Study of the marine environment and ocean floor.

Source

according to the National Centre for Textual and Lexical Resour

Algal bloom

Sens commun

Phenomenon of exceptional proliferation of algae.

Source

d'après Ifremer

Water contained in large tanks that can correct the trim of the boat and its balance. Ballast water is a problem during the emptying of the tank (deballasting) because species living in one part of the world are released into another zone, creating ecological disturbances. With the growth of international trade, and especially transoceanic maritime transport, problems arise because of this contribution of living organisms foreign to the local environment. Now, biological and chemical treatment systems must treat these volumes of water to limit the exchange of invasive species.

Source

according to ASTEE

Marine turbine

Sens commun

Submerged turbine that uses the energy of marine currents, and sometimes fluvial, to produce electricity.

Source

according to CELF

Amphidromous

Sens commun

Refers to fish that migrate from river waters to the sea or vice versa, once or several times during their lifetime. We can distinguish anadromous species that migrate up rivers to reproduce and catadromous species that most often live in fresh water and will reproduce at sea.

Source

according to Larousse dictionary and IOWater

Nature based Solutions (NbS)

Sens commun

Les Solutions fondées sur la Nature (SfN) sont les actions qui s’appuient sur les écosystèmes afin de relever les défis globaux comme la lutte contre les changements climatiques, la gestion des risques naturels (inondations, sécheresse, submersion marine), la santé, l’accès à l’eau, la sécurité alimentaire…

Les SfN visent à protéger, restaurer et gérer de manière durable les écosystèmes : la préservation des forêts, les rivières en bon état, la restauration et le fonctionnement des zones humides, tout concourt à agir au plus près du terrain (actions locales pour un objectif global). Il est impératif que la société adopte une combinaison de solutions inspirées par la nature, dérivées de la nature et fondées sur la nature : Il s'agit bien d'intérêt mutuel. La nature y gagne, et les territoires qui prennent ainsi soin des cycles naturels, du bon état des milieux ont aussi tout à y gagner.

En effet, des écosystèmes sains, résilients, fonctionnels et diversifiés fournissent de nombreux services écosystémiques et permettent donc le développement de solutions au bénéfice de nos sociétés et de la biodiversité, dans le cadre des changements globaux.

Source

d'après UICN, FNE

Echinoderm

Sens commun

Marine animal characterized by a fivefold radial symmetry, protected, depending on the species, by calcareous spikes or more or less developed calcite plates. Echinoderms include the starfishes, crinoid (sea daffodil), sea urchins, sea cucumbers and brittle stars. They have tubular "feet" and are able to move (very) slowly.

Source

According to the Ministry of Agriculture and IOWater

Wave

Sens commun

Periodic oscillation of sea level. The wave occurs sporadically, depending on the uneven pressures and on the wind friction that these differences in pressure generate. Waves (or chops), formed by the local wind, are random and, therefore, their action on the shore is negligible on the average.

Source

According to Rhone-Mediterranean and Corsica Water Agency

Open sea

Sens commun

Part of the sea where there is no more land marker.

Source

According to Ifremer

Sea

Sens commun

All salt waters covering the submerged part of the Earth. Is opposite to earth. The enclosed inland bodies of water, even salted (Caspian Sea, Dead Sea, Aral Sea), despite their name, are not considered as belonging to the sea.

Source

According to the International Hydrographic Organization

Ocean

Sens technique

According to the hydrological meaning, a thin water layer that covers part of the Earth. In the geophysical sense, it means the areas where this water layer of several kilometres thick covers grounds where the crust is composed of basalt or related materials and not of continental materials (granites, etc). Therefore shelf seas or epicontinental seas are not part of the ocean in the geophysical sense.

Source

According to Ifremer

Marine current

Sens commun

Movement of an oceanic water body.

Source

d'après IFREMER