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Aquatic mammal with front flippers and a horizontal caudal fin – the tail -. For example, whales, sperm whales and dolphins are cetaceans

Water from oceans and seas, characterised by having higher salinity and density than freshwater.

Study of the marine environment and ocean floor.

Water contained in large tanks that can correct the trim of the boat and its balance. Ballast water is a problem during the emptying of the tank (deballasting) because species living in one part of the world are released into another zone, creating ecological disturbances. With the growth of international trade, and especially transoceanic maritime transport, problems arise because of this contribution of living organisms foreign to the local environment. Now, biological and chemical treatment systems must treat these volumes of water to limit the exchange of invasive species.

Submerged turbine that uses the energy of marine currents, and sometimes fluvial, to produce electricity.

Marine animal characterized by a fivefold radial symmetry, protected, depending on the species, by calcareous spikes or more or less developed calcite plates. Echinoderms include the starfishes, crinoid (sea daffodil), sea urchins, sea cucumbers and brittle stars. They have tubular "feet" and are able to move (very) slowly.

Periodic oscillation of sea level. The wave occurs sporadically, depending on the uneven pressures and on the wind friction that these differences in pressure generate. Waves (or chops), formed by the local wind, are random and, therefore, their action on the shore is negligible on the average.

Part of the sea where there is no more land marker.

All salt waters covering the submerged part of the Earth. Is opposite to earth. The enclosed inland bodies of water, even salted (Caspian Sea, Dead Sea, Aral Sea), despite their name, are not considered as belonging to the sea.

According to the hydrological meaning, a thin water layer that covers part of the Earth. In the geophysical sense, it means the areas where this water layer of several kilometres thick covers grounds where the crust is composed of basalt or related materials and not of continental materials (granites, etc). Therefore shelf seas or epicontinental seas are not part of the ocean in the geophysical sense.

Movement of an oceanic water body.